typeface

在國內(nèi)的印刷行業(yè)，字種主要有漢字、外文字、民族字等幾種。漢字包括如宋體、楷體、黑體等等。外文字又可以依字的粗細(xì)分為白體和黑體，或依外形分為正體、斜體、花體等等。民族字是指一些少數(shù)民族所使用的文字，如蒙古文、藏文、維吾爾文、朝鮮文等。

In the domestic printing industry, there are mainly Chinese characters, foreign characters, national characters and so on. Chinese characters include Song typeface, regular script, boldface and so on. Foreign characters can be divided into white and black according to the thickness of the characters, or into normal, italic, flower and so on according to the shape. National characters refer to the characters used by some ethnic minorities, such as Mongolian, Tibetan, Uighur, Korean, etc.

字號

Font size

字號是區(qū)分文字的大小的一種衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，國際上通用的是點(diǎn)制，在國內(nèi)則是以號制為主，點(diǎn)制為輔。號制是采用互不成倍數(shù)的幾種活字為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，根據(jù)加倍或減半的換算關(guān)系而自成系統(tǒng)，可以分為四號字系統(tǒng)、五號字系統(tǒng)、六號字系統(tǒng)等。字號的標(biāo)稱數(shù)越小，字形越大，如四號字比五號字要大，五號字又要比六號字大等。

Font size is a measure of the size of characters. The point system is commonly used internationally, while the point system is mainly used in China. The numbering system adopts several movable types that are not multiples of each other as the standard, and forms its own system according to the conversion relationship of doubling or halving. It can be divided into No. 4 system, No. 5 system, No. 6 system, etc. The smaller the nominal number of font size is, the larger the font shape is. For example, No. 4 is larger than No. 5, and No. 5 is larger than No. 6.

版面設(shè)計(jì)

layout

排版時(shí)應(yīng)該根據(jù)印刷版面要求進(jìn)行版面設(shè)計(jì)。比如一例書冊的印制，制作時(shí)需要注意開本的大小，排版的形式（橫排或豎排），正文的字體字號，每頁的行數(shù)及每行的字?jǐn)?shù)，字與字及行與行之間的空隙，頁面的欄數(shù)及每欄的字?jǐn)?shù)，欄與欄之間的間距，頁碼及頁碼的擺放位置，頁眉頁腳的位置及大小等。

During typesetting, the layout shall be designed according to the printing layout requirements. For example, when printing a book, attention should be paid to the size of the format, the form of typesetting (horizontal or vertical), the font and size of the text, the number of lines on each page and the number of words on each line, the gap between words and lines, the number of columns on the page and the number of words in each column, the spacing between columns, the placement position of page numbers and page numbers, the position and size of headers and footers, etc.

排版規(guī)格

Typesetting specification

在進(jìn)行文字排版時(shí)，還要注意一些禁排規(guī)定，如在每段的開頭要空上兩個(gè)字位，在行首不能排句號、逗號、頓號、分號、冒號、問號、感嘆號以及下引號、下括號、下書名號等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，在行末不能排上上引號、上括號、上書名號以及中文中的序號如①②③等，數(shù)字中的分?jǐn)?shù)、年份、化學(xué)分子式、數(shù)字前的正負(fù)號、溫度標(biāo)識符以及單音節(jié)的外文單詞等，都不應(yīng)該分開排在上下兩行。

During text typesetting, attention should also be paid to some exclusion provisions, such as two characters should be left blank at the beginning of each paragraph, period, comma, pause, semicolon, colon, question mark, exclamation mark, lower quotation mark, lower bracket, lower book name and other punctuation marks should not be placed at the beginning of the line, and upper quotation mark, upper bracket, upper book name and Chinese serial number such as ①, ②, ③ should not be placed at the end of the line, The fraction, year, chemical formula, sign in front of the number, temperature identifier and foreign words in monosyllabic segments should not be arranged in the upper and lower lines separately.

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